Fig. 1

Cumulative incidence of adverse cardiovascular outcomes by hemoglobin A1c strata

Cumulative incidence curves demonstrate the significant association between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) strata (< 5.7%, 5.7–6.4%, and ≥ 6.5%) and the incidence of cardiovascular death or non-fatal myocardial infarction in UK Biobank participants with prostate cancer. Participants with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% exhibit the highest risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes when compared to those with HbA1c < 5.7% and 5.7–6.4%