Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Entire cohort (n = 307) | LVEF ≥ 50% (n = 277) | LVEF < 50% (n = 30) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Age, years, mean (SD) | 67 (12) | 67 (12) | 71 (10) | 0.086 |
Female Sex, n (%) | 123 (40) | 116 (42) | 7 (23) | 0.076 |
BMI, mean (SD) | 26 (5) | 29.1 (26) | 27.3 (9) | 0.351 |
Cancer Type, n (%) | 0.685 | |||
Hematologic | 25 (8) | 24 (9) | 1 (3) | |
Lung | 121 (39) | 108 (39) | 13 (43) | |
Gastrointestinal | 35 (11) | 34 (12) | 1 (3) | |
Renal cell carcinoma | 28 (9) | 23 (8) | 5 (17) | |
Bone | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
Breast | 10 (3) | 10 (4) | 0 (0.0) | |
Central nervous system and Spine | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | 0 (0.0) | |
Prostate | 5 (2) | 4 (1) | 1 (3) | |
Gynecologic | 10 (3) | 9 (3) | 1 (3) | |
Transitional cell bladder | 20 (7) | 16 (6) | 4 (13) | |
Pancreas and Cholangiocarcinoma | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | 0 (0.0) | |
Sarcoma | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 0 (0.0) | |
Melanoma | 12 (4) | 12 (4) | 0 (0.0) | |
Other skin | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 0 (0.0) | |
Liver | 8 (3) | 6 (2) | 2 (7) | |
Head and Neck | 10 (3) | 9 (3) | 1 (3) | |
Endocrinologic | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
Other | 6 (2) | 5 (2) | 1 (3) | |
Unknown primary | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
ICIs, n (%) | 0.107 | |||
Pembrolizumab | 165 (54) | 152 (55) | 13 (43) | |
Nivolumab | 88 (29) | 79 (29) | 9 (30) | |
Avelumab | 5 (2) | 5 (2) | 0 (0.0) | |
Atezolizumab | 27 (9) | 25 (9) | 2 (7) | |
Durvalumab | 11 (4) | 8 (3) | 3 (10) | |
Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | 11 (4) | 8 (3) | 3 (10) | |
Previous chemotherapy, n (%) | 158 (52) | 143 (52) | 15 (50) | 1.00 |
Concurrent chemotherapy, n (%) | 65 (21) | 59 (21) | 6 (20) | 1.00 |
Chest radiation, n (%) | 28 (9) | 24 (9) | 4 (13) | 0.610 |
Cardio-Vascular Risk Factors | ||||
Hypertension, n (%) | 138 (45) | 118 (43) | 20 (67) | 0.020 |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%). | 139 (45) | 121 (44) | 18 (60) | 0.130 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 78 (25) | 68 (25) | 10 (33) | 0.407 |
Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 25 (8) | 21 (8) | 4 (13) | 0.458 |
Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 72 (24) | 53 (19) | 19 (63) | < 0.001 |
Heart Failure, n (%) | 31 (10) | 18 (7) | 13 (43) | < 0.001 |
Atrial Fibrillation, n (%) | 32 (10) | 25 (9) | 7 (23) | 0.034 |
Cardiovascular therapy, n (%) | ||||
ACEi | 83 (27) | 65 (24) | 18 (60) | < 0.001 |
ARB | 44 (14) | 38 (14) | 6 (20) | 0.510 |
Beta-blockers | 124 (40) | 97 (35) | 20 (67) | < 0.001 |
MRA | 16 (5) | 9 (3) | 7 (23) | < 0.001 |
Sacubitril/valsartan | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | 3 (10) | < 0.001 |
SGLT2i | 10 (3) | 8 (3) | 2 (7) | 0.571 |
Furosemide | 44 (14) | 37 (13) | 7 (23) | 0.227 |
Metformin | 66 (22) | 58 (21) | 8 (27) | 0.623 |
Statins | 169 (55) | 144 (52) | 25 (83) | 0.002 |
Baseline Laboratory Parameters | ||||
Hematocrit %, mean (SD) | 34.1 (5.6) | 34.1 (5.6) | 34.8 (5.4) | 0.478 |
WBC K/uL, mean (SD) | 8.7 (5.3) | 8.7 (5.4) | 8.2 (3.7) | 0.634 |
Platelet K/uL, mean (SD) | 257 (129) | 260 (131) | 232 (107) | 0.270 |
Creatinine mg/dL, median [IQR] | 0.8 [0.7, 1.1] | 0.8 [0.7, 1.1] | 1.0 [0.8, 1.2] | 0.031 |
Troponin I ng/L, median [IQR] | 7.0 [3.0,20.0] | 6.0 [3.0,17.0] | 16.0 [5.0, 26.0] | 0.092 |
Echocardiography parameters | ||||
LVEF, mean (SD) | 50 (16) | 59 (3) | 39 (7) | < 0.001 |
IVS, mm, mean (SD) | 10.5 (2) | 10.4 (1.9) | 11.0 (2.1) | 0.130 |
e’ lateral, m/s, mean (SD) | 8.6 (3.0) | 8.7 (3.0) | 8.2 (2.7) | 0.499 |
E/e’ lateral, m/s, mean (SD) | 8.9 (4.1) | 9.0 (4.2) | 8.3 (2.9) | 0.467 |
LAVI, ml/m2, mean (SD) | 33 (12) | 32 (11) | 39 (14) | 0.006 |
SPAP, mmHg, mean (SD) | 33 (12) | 33 (13) | 31 (8) | 0.481 |